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</a></div> <!----></nav> <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/one.html" class="sidebar-link">Vue笔记（一）</a></li><li><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/two.html" class="sidebar-link">Vue笔记（二）</a></li><li><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/three.html" aria-current="page" class="active sidebar-link">Vue笔记（三）</a></li></ul> </aside> <div class="password-shadow password-wrapper-in" style="display:none;" data-v-25ba6db2 data-v-1aefc0b4><h3 class="title" data-v-25ba6db2 data-v-25ba6db2>Vue笔记（三）</h3> <!----> <label id="box" class="inputBox" data-v-25ba6db2 data-v-25ba6db2><input type="password" value="" data-v-25ba6db2> <span data-v-25ba6db2>Konck! Knock!</span> <button data-v-25ba6db2>OK</button></label> <div class="footer" data-v-25ba6db2 data-v-25ba6db2><span data-v-25ba6db2><i class="iconfont reco-theme" data-v-25ba6db2></i> <a target="blank" href="https://vuepress-theme-reco.recoluan.com" data-v-25ba6db2>vuePress-theme-reco</a></span> <span data-v-25ba6db2><i class="iconfont reco-copyright" data-v-25ba6db2></i> <a data-v-25ba6db2><span data-v-25ba6db2>666</span>
            
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        </a></span></div></div> <div data-v-1aefc0b4><main class="page"><section><div class="page-title"><h1 class="title">Vue笔记（三）</h1> <div data-v-f875f3fc><i class="iconfont reco-account" data-v-f875f3fc><span data-v-f875f3fc>666</span></i> <i class="iconfont reco-date" data-v-f875f3fc><span data-v-f875f3fc>2022/2/3</span></i> <!----> <i class="tags iconfont reco-tag" data-v-f875f3fc><span class="tag-item" data-v-f875f3fc>Vue</span></i></div></div> <div class="theme-reco-content content__default"><hr> <h2 id="theme-channing-cyan"><a href="#theme-channing-cyan" class="header-anchor">#</a> theme: channing-cyan</h2> <h1 id="vue知识点-三"><a href="#vue知识点-三" class="header-anchor">#</a> Vue知识点（三）</h1> <h2 id="路由"><a href="#路由" class="header-anchor">#</a> 路由</h2> <ol><li>理解： 一个路由（route）就是一组映射关系（key - value），多个路由需要路由器（router）进行管理。</li> <li>前端路由：key是路径，value是组件。</li></ol> <h3 id="_1-基本使用"><a href="#_1-基本使用" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1.基本使用</h3> <ol><li><p>安装vue-router，命令：<code>npm i vue-router</code></p></li> <li><p>应用插件：<code>Vue.use(VueRouter)</code></p></li> <li><p>编写router配置项:</p> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">//引入VueRouter</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> VueRouter <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">'vue-router'</span>
<span class="token comment">//引入Luyou 组件</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> About <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">'../components/About'</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> Home <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">'../components/Home'</span>

<span class="token comment">//创建router实例对象，去管理一组一组的路由规则</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> router <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">VueRouter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
	<span class="token literal-property property">routes</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'/about'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>About
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'/home'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>Home
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token comment">//暴露router</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">default</span> router
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p>实现切换（active-class可配置高亮样式）</p> <div class="language-vue line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>router-link</span> <span class="token attr-name">active-class</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>active<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">to</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>/about<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>About<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>router-link</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p>指定展示位置</p> <div class="language-vue line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>router-view</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>router-view</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div></li></ol> <h3 id="_2-几个注意点"><a href="#_2-几个注意点" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.几个注意点</h3> <ol><li>路由组件通常存放在<code>pages</code>文件夹，一般组件通常存放在<code>components</code>文件夹。</li> <li>通过切换，“隐藏”了的路由组件，默认是被销毁掉的，需要的时候再去挂载。</li> <li>每个组件都有自己的<code>$route</code>属性，里面存储着自己的路由信息。</li> <li>整个应用只有一个router，可以通过组件的<code>$router</code>属性获取到。</li></ol> <h3 id="_3-多级路由-多级路由"><a href="#_3-多级路由-多级路由" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3.多级路由（多级路由）</h3> <ol><li><p>配置路由规则，使用children配置项：</p> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token literal-property property">routes</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
		<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'/about'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
		<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>About<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
		<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'/home'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
		<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>Home<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
		<span class="token literal-property property">children</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span> <span class="token comment">//通过children配置子级路由</span>
			<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
				<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'news'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">//此处一定不要写：/news</span>
				<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>News
			<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
			<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
				<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'message'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token comment">//此处一定不要写：/message</span>
				<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>Message
			<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p>跳转（要写完整路径）：</p> <div class="language-vue line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>router-link</span> <span class="token attr-name">to</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>/home/news<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>News<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>router-link</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div></li></ol> <h3 id="_4-路由的query参数"><a href="#_4-路由的query参数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4.路由的query参数</h3> <ol><li><p>传递参数</p> <div class="language-vue line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 跳转并携带query参数，to的字符串写法 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>router-link</span> <span class="token attr-name">:to</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>/home/message/detail?id=666&amp;title=你好<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>跳转<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>router-link</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
				
<span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 跳转并携带query参数，to的对象写法 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>router-link</span> 
	<span class="token attr-name">:to</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>{
		path:<span class="token punctuation">'</span>/home/message/detail<span class="token punctuation">'</span>,
		query:{
		   id:666,
            title:<span class="token punctuation">'</span>你好<span class="token punctuation">'</span>
		}
	}<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>跳转<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>router-link</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p>接收参数：</p> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code>$route<span class="token punctuation">.</span>query<span class="token punctuation">.</span>id
$route<span class="token punctuation">.</span>query<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div></li></ol> <h3 id="_5-命名路由"><a href="#_5-命名路由" class="header-anchor">#</a> 5.命名路由</h3> <ol><li><p>作用：可以简化路由的跳转。</p></li> <li><p>如何使用</p> <ol><li><p>给路由命名：</p> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
	<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'/demo'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
	<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>Demo<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
	<span class="token literal-property property">children</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'test'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>Test<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">children</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
				<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
                      <span class="token literal-property property">name</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'hello'</span> <span class="token comment">//给路由命名</span>
					<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'welcome'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
					<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>Hello<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
				<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
			<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p>简化跳转：</p> <div class="language-vue line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token comment">&lt;!--简化前，需要写完整的路径 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>router-link</span> <span class="token attr-name">to</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>/demo/test/welcome<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>跳转<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>router-link</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token comment">&lt;!--简化后，直接通过名字跳转 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>router-link</span> <span class="token attr-name">:to</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>{name:<span class="token punctuation">'</span>hello<span class="token punctuation">'</span>}<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>跳转<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>router-link</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>

<span class="token comment">&lt;!--简化写法配合传递参数 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>router-link</span> 
	<span class="token attr-name">:to</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>{
		name:<span class="token punctuation">'</span>hello<span class="token punctuation">'</span>,
		query:{
		   id:666,
            title:<span class="token punctuation">'</span>你好<span class="token punctuation">'</span>
		}
	}<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>跳转<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>router-link</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div></li></ol></li></ol> <h3 id="_6-路由的params参数"><a href="#_6-路由的params参数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 6.路由的params参数</h3> <ol><li><p>配置路由，声明接收params参数</p> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
	<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'/home'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
	<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>Home<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
	<span class="token literal-property property">children</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'news'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>News
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">children</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
				<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
					<span class="token literal-property property">name</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'xiangqing'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
					<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'detail/:id/:title'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">//使用占位符声明接收params参数</span>
					<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>Detail
				<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
			<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p>传递参数</p> <div class="language-vue line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 跳转并携带params参数，to的字符串写法 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>router-link</span> <span class="token attr-name">:to</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>/home/message/detail/666/你好<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>跳转<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>router-link</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
				
<span class="token comment">&lt;!-- 跳转并携带params参数，to的对象写法 --&gt;</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>router-link</span> 
	<span class="token attr-name">:to</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>{
		name:<span class="token punctuation">'</span>xiangqing<span class="token punctuation">'</span>,
		params:{
		   id:666,
            title:<span class="token punctuation">'</span>你好<span class="token punctuation">'</span>
		}
	}<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>跳转<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>router-link</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><blockquote><p>特别注意：路由携带params参数时，若使用to的对象写法，则不能使用path配置项，必须使用name配置！</p></blockquote></li> <li><p>接收参数：</p> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code>$route<span class="token punctuation">.</span>params<span class="token punctuation">.</span>id
$route<span class="token punctuation">.</span>params<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div></li></ol> <h3 id="_7-路由的props配置"><a href="#_7-路由的props配置" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7.路由的props配置</h3> <p>​	作用：让路由组件更方便的收到参数</p> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
	<span class="token literal-property property">name</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'xiangqing'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
	<span class="token literal-property property">path</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'detail/:id'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
	<span class="token literal-property property">component</span><span class="token operator">:</span>Detail<span class="token punctuation">,</span>

	<span class="token comment">//第一种写法：props值为对象，该对象中所有的key-value的组合最终都会通过props传给Detail组件</span>
	<span class="token comment">// props:{a:900}</span>

	<span class="token comment">//第二种写法：props值为布尔值，布尔值为true，则把路由收到的所有params参数通过props传给Detail组件</span>
	<span class="token comment">// props:true</span>
	
	<span class="token comment">//第三种写法：props值为函数，该函数返回的对象中每一组key-value都会通过props传给Detail组件</span>
	<span class="token function">props</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">route</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
		<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">id</span><span class="token operator">:</span>route<span class="token punctuation">.</span>query<span class="token punctuation">.</span>id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">title</span><span class="token operator">:</span>route<span class="token punctuation">.</span>query<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><h3 id="_8-router-link-的replace属性"><a href="#_8-router-link-的replace属性" class="header-anchor">#</a> 8.<code>&lt;router-link&gt;</code>的replace属性</h3> <ol><li>作用：控制路由跳转时操作浏览器历史记录的模式</li> <li>浏览器的历史记录有两种写入方式：分别为<code>push</code>和<code>replace</code>，<code>push</code>是追加历史记录，<code>replace</code>是替换当前记录。路由跳转时候默认为<code>push</code></li> <li>如何开启<code>replace</code>模式：<code>&lt;router-link replace .......&gt;News&lt;/router-link&gt;</code></li></ol> <h3 id="_9-编程式路由导航"><a href="#_9-编程式路由导航" class="header-anchor">#</a> 9.编程式路由导航</h3> <ol><li><p>作用：不借助<code>&lt;router-link&gt;</code>实现路由跳转，让路由跳转更加灵活</p></li> <li><p>具体编码：</p> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">//$router的两个API</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>$router<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
	<span class="token literal-property property">name</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'xiangqing'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
		<span class="token literal-property property">params</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">id</span><span class="token operator">:</span>xxx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">title</span><span class="token operator">:</span>xxx
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>$router<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">replace</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
	<span class="token literal-property property">name</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token string">'xiangqing'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
		<span class="token literal-property property">params</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">id</span><span class="token operator">:</span>xxx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
			<span class="token literal-property property">title</span><span class="token operator">:</span>xxx
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>$router<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forward</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">//前进</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>$router<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">back</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">//后退</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>$router<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">go</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">//可前进也可后退</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div></li></ol> <h3 id="_10-缓存路由组件"><a href="#_10-缓存路由组件" class="header-anchor">#</a> 10.缓存路由组件</h3> <ol><li><p>作用：让不展示的路由组件保持挂载，不被销毁。</p></li> <li><p>具体编码：</p> <div class="language-vue line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>keep-alive</span> <span class="token attr-name">include</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span>News<span class="token punctuation">&quot;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> 
    <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>router-view</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>router-view</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;/</span>keep-alive</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div></li></ol> <h3 id="_11-两个新的生命周期钩子"><a href="#_11-两个新的生命周期钩子" class="header-anchor">#</a> 11.两个新的生命周期钩子</h3> <ol><li>作用：路由组件所独有的两个钩子，用于捕获路由组件的激活状态。</li> <li>具体名字：
<ol><li><code>activated</code>路由组件被激活时触发。</li> <li><code>deactivated</code>路由组件失活时触发。</li></ol></li></ol> <h3 id="_12-路由守卫"><a href="#_12-路由守卫" class="header-anchor">#</a> 12.路由守卫</h3> <ol><li><p>作用：对路由进行权限控制</p></li> <li><p>分类：全局守卫、独享守卫、组件内守卫</p></li> <li><p>全局守卫:</p> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">//全局前置守卫：初始化时执行、每次路由切换前执行</span>
router<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">beforeEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">to<span class="token punctuation">,</span>from<span class="token punctuation">,</span>next</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">=&gt;</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
	console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'beforeEach'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>to<span class="token punctuation">,</span>from<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
	<span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>to<span class="token punctuation">.</span>meta<span class="token punctuation">.</span>isAuth<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token comment">//判断当前路由是否需要进行权限控制</span>
		<span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>localStorage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getItem</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'school'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">===</span> <span class="token string">'atguigu'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token comment">//权限控制的具体规则</span>
			<span class="token function">next</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">//放行</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			<span class="token function">alert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'暂无权限查看'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
			<span class="token comment">// next({name:'guanyu'})</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
		<span class="token function">next</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">//放行</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>

<span class="token comment">//全局后置守卫：初始化时执行、每次路由切换后执行</span>
router<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">afterEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">to<span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token keyword">from</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">=&gt;</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
	console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'afterEach'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>to<span class="token punctuation">,</span>from<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
	<span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>to<span class="token punctuation">.</span>meta<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> 
		document<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title <span class="token operator">=</span> to<span class="token punctuation">.</span>meta<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title <span class="token comment">//修改网页的title</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
		document<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'vue_test'</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p>独享守卫:</p> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token function">beforeEnter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">to<span class="token punctuation">,</span>from<span class="token punctuation">,</span>next</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
	console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'beforeEnter'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>to<span class="token punctuation">,</span>from<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
	<span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>to<span class="token punctuation">.</span>meta<span class="token punctuation">.</span>isAuth<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token comment">//判断当前路由是否需要进行权限控制</span>
		<span class="token keyword">if</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>localStorage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getItem</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'school'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">===</span> <span class="token string">'atguigu'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			<span class="token function">next</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
			<span class="token function">alert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'暂无权限查看'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
			<span class="token comment">// next({name:'guanyu'})</span>
		<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">else</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
		<span class="token function">next</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
	<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p>组件内守卫：</p> <div class="language-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-js"><code><span class="token comment">//进入守卫：通过路由规则，进入该组件时被调用</span>
<span class="token function">beforeRouteEnter</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">to<span class="token punctuation">,</span> from<span class="token punctuation">,</span> next</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">//离开守卫：通过路由规则，离开该组件时被调用</span>
<span class="token function">beforeRouteLeave</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">to<span class="token punctuation">,</span> from<span class="token punctuation">,</span> next</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div></li></ol> <h3 id="_13-路由器的两种工作模式"><a href="#_13-路由器的两种工作模式" class="header-anchor">#</a> 13.路由器的两种工作模式</h3> <ol><li>对于一个url来说，什么是hash值？—— #及其后面的内容就是hash值。</li> <li>hash值不会包含在 HTTP 请求中，即：hash值不会带给服务器。</li> <li>hash模式：
<ol><li>地址中永远带着#号，不美观 。</li> <li>若以后将地址通过第三方手机app分享，若app校验严格，则地址会被标记为不合法。</li> <li>兼容性较好。</li></ol></li> <li>history模式：
<ol><li>地址干净，美观 。</li> <li>兼容性和hash模式相比略差。</li> <li>应用部署上线时需要后端人员支持，解决刷新页面服务端404的问题。</li></ol></li></ol> <h3 id="后记"><a href="#后记" class="header-anchor">#</a> 后记</h3> <p>一个人如果没有梦想，跟无忧无虑有什么区别呢？</p></div></section> <footer class="page-edit"><!----> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">Last Updated: </span> <span class="time">2022/2/8 下午8:18:24</span></div></footer> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/two.html" class="prev">
            Vue笔记（二）
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reco-side-_3-多级路由-多级路由" data-v-cb1513f6>3.多级路由（多级路由）</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-cb1513f6><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/three.html#_4-路由的query参数" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_4-路由的query参数" data-v-cb1513f6>4.路由的query参数</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-cb1513f6><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/three.html#_5-命名路由" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_5-命名路由" data-v-cb1513f6>5.命名路由</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-cb1513f6><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/three.html#_6-路由的params参数" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_6-路由的params参数" data-v-cb1513f6>6.路由的params参数</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-cb1513f6><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/three.html#_7-路由的props配置" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_7-路由的props配置" data-v-cb1513f6>7.路由的props配置</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-cb1513f6><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/three.html#_8-router-link-的replace属性" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_8-router-link-的replace属性" data-v-cb1513f6>8.`&lt;router-link&gt;`的replace属性</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-cb1513f6><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/three.html#_9-编程式路由导航" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_9-编程式路由导航" data-v-cb1513f6>9.编程式路由导航</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-cb1513f6><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/three.html#_10-缓存路由组件" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_10-缓存路由组件" data-v-cb1513f6>10.缓存路由组件</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-cb1513f6><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/three.html#_11-两个新的生命周期钩子" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_11-两个新的生命周期钩子" data-v-cb1513f6>11.两个新的生命周期钩子</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-cb1513f6><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/three.html#_12-路由守卫" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_12-路由守卫" data-v-cb1513f6>12.路由守卫</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-cb1513f6><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/three.html#_13-路由器的两种工作模式" class="sidebar-link reco-side-_13-路由器的两种工作模式" data-v-cb1513f6>13.路由器的两种工作模式</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-cb1513f6><a href="/blog-666group/blogs/xuemingkun/three.html#后记" class="sidebar-link reco-side-后记" data-v-cb1513f6>后记</a></li></ul></main> <!----></div></div></div></div><div class="global-ui"><div class="back-to-ceiling" style="right:1rem;bottom:6rem;width:2.5rem;height:2.5rem;border-radius:.25rem;line-height:2.5rem;display:none;" data-v-c6073ba8 data-v-c6073ba8><svg t="1574745035067" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" p-id="5404" class="icon" data-v-c6073ba8><path d="M526.60727968 10.90185116a27.675 27.675 0 0 0-29.21455937 0c-131.36607665 82.28402758-218.69155461 228.01873535-218.69155402 394.07834331a462.20625001 462.20625001 0 0 0 5.36959153 69.94390903c1.00431239 6.55289093-0.34802892 13.13561351-3.76865779 18.80351572-32.63518765 54.11355614-51.75690182 118.55860487-51.7569018 187.94566865a371.06718723 371.06718723 0 0 0 11.50484808 91.98906777c6.53300375 25.50556257 41.68394495 28.14064038 52.69160883 4.22606766 17.37162448-37.73630017 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